Is tantalum plate always cold-worked?
Tantalum plate is always cold-worked.
Tantalum cannot be processed using standard metal processing methods. The initial process typically involves forging and heat treatment, using hammering and stamping to produce flat slabs or small to medium-sized round billets.
Tantalum plate is almost always cold-worked. Typically, tantalum ingots measuring 15 to 30 cm are cold-forged into slabs approximately 8 to 10 cm thick. These slabs are then cold-rolled, achieving a reduction ratio exceeding 95%. In commercial production, slabs are typically rolled using two- or four-roll mills into plates 0.63 to 1.2 cm thick, with widths typically ranging from 51 to 102 cm. Rolling is typically performed at or near room temperature to prevent surface oxide formation. When hot rolling is required, the temperature rises to 1000°C due to recrystallization, and intense oxidation reactions occur.
Almost all thick plates are heat-treated and annealed in a vacuum. Since there is no phase transformation, the heating and cooling rates are unimportant. Further rolling is performed using conventional rolling mills, typically using a 4-roll mill or multi-roll mill. Because tantalum is very soft, care should be taken to prevent scratches during processing and transportation.
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